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The cortex consists of cells arranged into three zones: the outer zona glomerulosa, the middle zona fasciculata, and the inner zona reticularis. Other symptoms include blurring of vision caused by cataracts, poorly formed teeth if onset was in childhood, maldevelopment of hair and nails, and dry and scaly skin. It is the site of melatonin synthesis, which is inhibited by light striking the retina. A common example is the goblet (chalice, calceiform) cell, a unicellular mucous-secreting gland found in the columnar epithelium of the intestinal tract. Posterior lobe deficiency or hypothalamic lesion causes diabetes insipidus. A small, gray, rounded gland that develops from ingrown oral epithelium (Rathke pouch) and is attached to the lower surface of the hypothalamus by the infundibular stalk. Any of the mixed glands lying in the submucosa of the bronchi and bronchial tubes. gland [gland] an aggregation of cells specialized to secrete or excrete materials not related to their ordinary metabolic needs. Overview of the Thymus Gland. See: hormone. There are different kinds of lymphocytes. T cells help clear the body of damaged cells and pathogens. Calcium is removed from bones, resulting in increased fragility. The gland that secretes tears. Lymphocytes identify foreign substances from germs (bacteria or viruses ) in the body and produce antibodies and cells that specifically target them. Gland Definition. Any of the glands in the esophageal mucosa. The lobes of the thyroid lie under the sternothyroid and sternohyoid muscles. Thymus Medically reviewed by the Healthline Medical Network The thymus is a lymphoid gland comprised of two identically sized lobes, located behind the sternum (breastbone) but in … 'Nip it in the butt' or 'Nip it in the bud'. Hyposecretion of anterior lobe causes dwarfism, pituitary cachexia (Simmonds disease), Sheehan syndrome, acromicria, eunuchoidism, or hypogonadism. It secretes a thin, opalescent, slightly alkaline fluid that forms part of the semen. Q. my friend ate a bar of chocolate and now her left neck gland is swollen any ideas why? It is intimately related to adjustments of the body in response to stress and emotional changes. Any of the lymph nodes anterior to the abdominal aorta. Secretion may also be due to conditioned reflexes as when one thinks about food or hears a dinner bell. The medulla consists of chromaffin cells arranged in groups or in anastomosing cords. Synonym: PITUITARY GLAND: Hormones secreted by the anterior and posterior pituitary gland, along with target organs. From Applegate, 2000. A gastric gland in the fundus of the stomach. These are 1) glucocorticoids (cortisol, corticosterone), which regulate the metabolism of organic nutrients and have an anti-inflammatory effect; 2) mineralocorticoids (aldosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone), which affect metabolism of the electrolytes sodium and potassium; and 3) androgens and estrogens (estradiol), which contribute to body changes at puberty. The Rathke pouch portion forms the anterior lobe and an intermediate area; the neural tissue of the infundibular stalk forms the posterior lobe. The nerve supply is from the inferior hypogastric plexus. Hypersecretion of anterior lobe causes gigantism, acromegaly, and pituitary basophilism (Cushing disease). Exocrine glands. Any of two kinds of glands that secrete into the follicles of eyelashes: ciliary sweat glands and ciliary sebaceous glands. See: aldosterone; cortisol; steroid, Hypersecretion of adrenal cortical hormones results in Cushing syndrome. New Latin, from Greek thymos warty excrescence, thymus. As always, the suspicion of malignancy in an enlarged thyroid is an indication for removal of the thyroid. One of two broad categories of glands; exocrine glands are the complementary category. Any of the glands of the tongue, including the anterior lingual glands, Ebner glands, and mucous glands at the root of the tongue. In men, LH also called interstitial cell-stimulation hormone (ICSH), stimulates testosterone secretion. Delivered to your inbox! Any of the alveolar glands of the mucosa of the lips. Synonym: A gland in which the cells remain intact during the elaboration and discharge of their secretion. The gland in the male that surrounds the neck of the bladder and the urethra. Any of the gastric glands found in the fundus and body of the gastric mucosa. Synonym: Any of the glands, e.g., the mammary glands, whose cells lose some of their cytoplasmic contents in the formation of secretion. Any of the mucous glands in the tissue of the palate. A term formerly used to indicate a sentinel lymph node, i.e., a lymph node that first alerts a clinician to serious pathology (such as a spreading cancer). Hyperparathyroidism or hypersecretion results in a rise in blood calcium and fall in blood phosphorus. The secretions of the other endocrine glands are regulated by the hormones secreted by the pituitary gland.

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